Weee!!.. We are in the last exercise in our project management subject. We are assigned to identify what are the best tool or tools that can used to expert judgment. In first place we discussed “Develop Project Charter” from the PMBOK 3rd edition it is the document that formally authorizes a project. The project charter provides the project manager with the authority to apply organizational resources to project activities. A project manager is identified and assigned as early in the project as is feasible. The project manager should always be assigned prior to the start of planning and preferably while the project charter is being developed. In this topic or phase it was process validates the decisions put together throughout a period either continuously the original chartering of the project. The Develop Project Charter composed of process like inputs, tools and techniques and outputs. But not only in the process of that phase it also used in other phases such as direct and manages project execution, perform integrated change control, define scope, estimate activity resources, estimating costs, identifying stakeholders, perform qualitative risk analysis, plan risk responses, conducting procurements and etc. The word that I am talking about is we called the “Expert Judgment”.
Expert judgment has defined or usually used from the phases I already discussed a while ago. The expert judgment has few meaning given from the Project Management Book of Knowledge but I have read it has same though from each other. Well so much for that what is expert judgment? Expert judgment is often used to assess the inputs needed to develop the project charter. In this area your expertise and such judgment can be applied in line of technical and management process due to their details. Such judgment and expertise is applied to any technical and management details during this process. Such expertise is provided by any group or individual with specialized knowledge or training, and is available from many sources: Other units within the organization, Consultants, Stakeholders, including customers or sponsors, Professional and technical associations and last but not the least industry groups. As stated from the above definition it used to examine something in order to judge or evaluate the inputs to develop the project charter. So therefore I conclude an “expert judgment” it is belong to the tolls and techniques section of Develop Project Charter but not only in that phase all the process of project management. The basic idea is rely on the specialists or subject matter experts either individual or groups who have proper knowledge and experience in the assessing areas of the project charter and collect their inputs.
Expert Judgment technique has also advantages in almost of the activity during in the estimating the period of time that can be lasts or exists. These are the advantages:
- Permitting something to do for different evaluation.
- Makes valuable use of prior knowledge and experience.
- To help or to provide some assistance to find a creative solutions.
- Helps you avoid re-inventing the wheel.
Same to the other things if there are advantages there are also disadvantages. According to the article that I have read, we are supposed to be careful when we are using the tools and technique like an expert judgment. The reason why it is a time consuming. In addition it also can tie up experienced staff for many hours to cause damage or disadvantages to other projects. Therefore expert judgment can be costly if you have to go outside your company to hire experts. Another disadvantage is that experts may tend to downplay the fact that an activity took longer than expected on past projects.
So we come up for the best tool or tools that can use to expert judgment. The best is the 'Delphi technique' is a commonly used tool to secure expert judgment while initiating a project. 'Peer review' is a project selection tool, 'Expected value' is a method quantitative risk analysis, and 'WBS' is a project-planning tool. The Delphi method was developed at the RAND Corporation in the early 1950s as a spin-off of an Air Force-sponsored research project, “Project Delphi”. According to my best friend wiki, in the standard version, the experts answer questionnaires in two or more rounds. After each round, a facilitator provides an anonymous summary of the experts’ forecasts from the previous round as well as the reasons they provided for their judgments. Thus, experts are encouraged to revise their earlier answers in light of the replies of other members of their panel. It is believed that during this process the range of the answers will decrease and the group will converge towards the "correct" answer.
Other tool or tools are stated by Iman Budi Setiawan. He is the writer who provides the other tools and technique that can be help to an expert judgment. Interviews. A meeting during somebody to ask questions. Interviews can be one-to-one one-to-many or any group of person to take this. It is conducted by asking series of question connected to the main concern of knowing something from that particular question. Brainstorming. To think quickly and creativity. Brainstorming is to generate creative ideas spontaneously usually for problem solving and especially in an intensive group discussion that does not allow time for reflection. Brainstorming works by getting a group to focus on a problem and then coming up with as many solutions as possible. Historical data. Relating to or involving a study of history or somewhat relating to past. Historical data uses the knowledge gained on a similar past project activity to obtain duration estimates for each activity associated with a current project. Other units or departments within the performing organization. Ideally, this is a good way to obtain expert judgment. This will not provide cost. For example you want to know how long to take the construct of automobile, you only need to ask someone working on the assembly line. Consultants. This would be sound expensive, in which the project team needs to hire someone from outside the company to serve as the expert of the project. Professional and technical associations. This can provide expert judgment when the information needed is very detailed or technical. Industry groups. The industry group can offer general information.
One thing we need to be considered is that the one who are in a successful path is the expert that can made some decisions and judgments in a simpler way through the project leader spirit.
references:
http://project-management-knowledge.com/definitions/e/expert-judgment/
http://www.pmtoolbox.com/project-management-news/expert-judgment.html
http://itpmpro.blogspot.com/2008/01/expert-judgment-and-project-activities.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delphi_method
Expert judgment has defined or usually used from the phases I already discussed a while ago. The expert judgment has few meaning given from the Project Management Book of Knowledge but I have read it has same though from each other. Well so much for that what is expert judgment? Expert judgment is often used to assess the inputs needed to develop the project charter. In this area your expertise and such judgment can be applied in line of technical and management process due to their details. Such judgment and expertise is applied to any technical and management details during this process. Such expertise is provided by any group or individual with specialized knowledge or training, and is available from many sources: Other units within the organization, Consultants, Stakeholders, including customers or sponsors, Professional and technical associations and last but not the least industry groups. As stated from the above definition it used to examine something in order to judge or evaluate the inputs to develop the project charter. So therefore I conclude an “expert judgment” it is belong to the tolls and techniques section of Develop Project Charter but not only in that phase all the process of project management. The basic idea is rely on the specialists or subject matter experts either individual or groups who have proper knowledge and experience in the assessing areas of the project charter and collect their inputs.
Expert Judgment technique has also advantages in almost of the activity during in the estimating the period of time that can be lasts or exists. These are the advantages:
- Permitting something to do for different evaluation.
- Makes valuable use of prior knowledge and experience.
- To help or to provide some assistance to find a creative solutions.
- Helps you avoid re-inventing the wheel.
Same to the other things if there are advantages there are also disadvantages. According to the article that I have read, we are supposed to be careful when we are using the tools and technique like an expert judgment. The reason why it is a time consuming. In addition it also can tie up experienced staff for many hours to cause damage or disadvantages to other projects. Therefore expert judgment can be costly if you have to go outside your company to hire experts. Another disadvantage is that experts may tend to downplay the fact that an activity took longer than expected on past projects.
So we come up for the best tool or tools that can use to expert judgment. The best is the 'Delphi technique' is a commonly used tool to secure expert judgment while initiating a project. 'Peer review' is a project selection tool, 'Expected value' is a method quantitative risk analysis, and 'WBS' is a project-planning tool. The Delphi method was developed at the RAND Corporation in the early 1950s as a spin-off of an Air Force-sponsored research project, “Project Delphi”. According to my best friend wiki, in the standard version, the experts answer questionnaires in two or more rounds. After each round, a facilitator provides an anonymous summary of the experts’ forecasts from the previous round as well as the reasons they provided for their judgments. Thus, experts are encouraged to revise their earlier answers in light of the replies of other members of their panel. It is believed that during this process the range of the answers will decrease and the group will converge towards the "correct" answer.
Other tool or tools are stated by Iman Budi Setiawan. He is the writer who provides the other tools and technique that can be help to an expert judgment. Interviews. A meeting during somebody to ask questions. Interviews can be one-to-one one-to-many or any group of person to take this. It is conducted by asking series of question connected to the main concern of knowing something from that particular question. Brainstorming. To think quickly and creativity. Brainstorming is to generate creative ideas spontaneously usually for problem solving and especially in an intensive group discussion that does not allow time for reflection. Brainstorming works by getting a group to focus on a problem and then coming up with as many solutions as possible. Historical data. Relating to or involving a study of history or somewhat relating to past. Historical data uses the knowledge gained on a similar past project activity to obtain duration estimates for each activity associated with a current project. Other units or departments within the performing organization. Ideally, this is a good way to obtain expert judgment. This will not provide cost. For example you want to know how long to take the construct of automobile, you only need to ask someone working on the assembly line. Consultants. This would be sound expensive, in which the project team needs to hire someone from outside the company to serve as the expert of the project. Professional and technical associations. This can provide expert judgment when the information needed is very detailed or technical. Industry groups. The industry group can offer general information.
One thing we need to be considered is that the one who are in a successful path is the expert that can made some decisions and judgments in a simpler way through the project leader spirit.
references:
http://project-management-knowledge.com/definitions/e/expert-judgment/
http://www.pmtoolbox.com/project-management-news/expert-judgment.html
http://itpmpro.blogspot.com/2008/01/expert-judgment-and-project-activities.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delphi_method
No comments:
Post a Comment